The following are the six elements of micromessages and examples.

1. Verbal: What is said
   Example: Consistently using generic “he” or “man” to represent both men and women.
2. Para-verbal: How it is said
   Example: Using a more enthusiastic tone of voice in response to boys.
3. Non-verbal: Body language
   Example: Avoiding eye contact with female or male students or only looking at male or female students.
4. Contextual: Who or what else is present (culture, artifacts, etc.)
   Example: Examples of prominent figures within resources are White and/or male.
5. Omission: What is not said or not done
   Example: Failing to include the contributions of people of color within curriculum.
6. Praise and criticism: Feedback messages
   Example: Disciplining black boys and girls more than other groups for similar behavior.

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